Small partial-thickness cuff tears often respond to physiotherapy and a steroid injection. Full-thickness tears, especially in active patients, need arthroscopic repair to restore strength and prevent the tear from getting bigger.
Symptoms that mean a cuff tear
Pain at night, especially when lying on the affected side; weakness lifting the arm overhead; and a painful arc of motion from 60–120°.
Diagnosis is confirmed with MRI.
Arthroscopic cuff repair
Through 3–4 small portals, the torn tendon is anchored back to the bone using titanium suture anchors. Modern double-row techniques restore the entire footprint of attachment.
Day-care or 1-night admission. Sling for 4–6 weeks, full strength by 4–6 months.
What if surgery is delayed?
Untreated full-thickness tears progress in size and the muscle atrophies. Eventually the tear becomes irreparable and only a reverse shoulder replacement can restore function.